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Home Insurance Building
The Home Insurance Building is generally noted as the first tall building to be supported, both inside and outside, by a fireproof metal frame.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Home Insurance Building )〕
==History==
It was constructed in 1885 in Chicago, Illinois, and was the first tall building to use structural steel in its frame,〔Broad Street Station (1881) in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a 6-story building designed by Wilson Brothers & Company, had a structural steel frame, and was one of the first buildings in America to use masonry not as structure, but as curtain wall. It was later greatly expanded by Frank Furness. George E. Thomas, "Broad Street Station," in James F. O'Gorman ''et al''., ''Drawing Toward Building: Philadelphia Architectural Graphics, 1732–1986'' (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1986), pp. 140–42.〕 but the majority of its structure was composed of cast and wrought iron. While the Ditherington Flax Mill was an earlier fireproof-metal-framed building, it was only five stories tall.
Due to the Chicago building's unique architecture and weight-bearing frame, it is considered the world's first skyscraper. It had 10 stories and rose to a height of In 1890, two additional floors were added.
The architect was William Le Baron Jenney. The building weighed only one-third as much as a stone building would have; city officials were so concerned, they halted construction while they investigated its safety. The Home Insurance Building is an example of the Chicago School of architecture. The building set precedent in skyscraper construction. Minneapolis architect Leroy Buffington patented the concept of the skeletal-frame tall building in 1888, and proposed "a 28-story 'stratosphere-scraper'—a notion mocked by the architectural press of the time as impractical and ludicrous." His proposal nonetheless attracted the attention of the national architectural and building communities to the possibilities of iron skeletal framing, "which in primitive form had been around for decades."
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